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Arabian Leopard Programme

The Arabian Leopard, a symbol of pride for Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula, faces imminent threats, including habitat loss and human persecution. Emerging from Africa around 500,000 years ago, it is one of the most important mammals native to the Arabian Peninsula

Protecting a Symbol

The Arabian Leopard’s population has dwindled and the subspecies is classified as “Critically Endangered in the wild”. Recognising the urgency, the Royal Commission for AlUla (RCU) is committed to conservation efforts through the Arabian Leopard Programme. RCU’s approach includes habitat restoration and public awareness initiatives. By safeguarding the Arabian Leopard, RCU preserves AlUla’s natural and cultural heritage for future generations

 

Amidst expanding human settlements and dwindling prey populations, the leopard’s survival hangs in the balance. Human activities, including hunting and habitat encroachment, have pushed this majestic species to the brink of extinction. With no accurate count of remaining individuals, urgent action is essential to prevent their disappearance from the wild. Saudi Arabia and the wider region recognise the critical need for conservation efforts

Leopard triplets

Arabian Leopard Cubs

In 2025, the Arabian Leopard Conservation and Breeding Programme welcomed the birth of six Arabian leopard cubs, marking another important milestone in ongoing conservation efforts. The births reflect continued progress in strengthening welfare standards and genetic management since the programme came under RCU’s leadership.

The new cubs represent a significant step forward in safeguarding the future of the Arabian leopard. Staff at the centre continue to closely monitor their development as part of long-term efforts to support the species’ recovery.

Safeguarding Critically Endangered Species

Recognising the significance of the Arabian leopard as a symbol of the region’s biodiversity, RCU has made a steadfast commitment to safeguarding its future. This dedication extends beyond the preservation of individual species to encompass the restoration of AlUla’s entire natural landscape. Through innovative approaches and collaborative efforts, RCU strives to create a harmonious ecosystem where wildlife can thrive alongside human communities

Native Prey Release

Releasing native prey animals into nature reserves to restore the leopard’s food sources.

Habitat Regeneration

Regenerating arid natural areas to create suitable habitats for Arabian Leopards.

Wildlife Reintroduction

Introducing Arabian oryx, gazelles, and Nubian ibex into reserves to support the leopard’s prey base.

Breeding Centre Support

Operating a Conservation Breeding Centre in Taif, welcoming Arabian Leopard cubs to increase genetic diversity.

Comprehensive Conservation

Implementing a nature-positive approach to sustainable regeneration, ensuring a future for Arabian leopards in AlUla’s wild landscapes.

Native Prey Release

Habitat Regeneration

Wildlife Reintroduction

Breeding Centre Support

Comprehensive Conservation

International Arabian Leopard Day

Celebrated annually on 10 February, International Arabian Leopard Day shines a spotlight on the Arabian Leopard’s plight. Recognised as Critically Endangered in the wild by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), there’s still hope for this majestic Big Cat. Originating in 2022 through RCU, Arabian Leopard Day gained global recognition in June 2023 when the UN General Assembly officially designated 10 February as International Day of the Arabian Leopard

This historic moment underscores RCU’s mission and the collective commitment to preserve our natural heritage. In 2026, RCU and its partners will support International Arabian Leopard Day through a global campaign themed “The Journey of Hope”, reflecting the long-term efforts underway to protect the Arabian leopard. The campaign will include key activations such as the Arabian Leopard Day Walk, a guided educational tour in Hegra Nature Reserve for school students, and community-focused initiatives aimed at engaging the public, raising awareness, and fostering support for conservation efforts.

FAQs

Frequently Asked Questions about the Arabian Leopard Programme

The Arabian leopard is classified as “Critically Endangered” by IUCN

There are two key Arabian Leopard conservation programmes in the region, one in Sharjah in the UAE (Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife) and the other in Saudi Arabia (Arabian Leopard Conservation Breeding Centre), now under RCU’s management

The Arabian Leopard Conservation Breeding Centre in KSA is the only active conservation breeding centre for Arabian Leopards in the region

In addition, RCU also funded the launch of the Arabian Leopard Fund, which now operates as a separate entity focused on the regional conservation of the Arabian Leopard

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In Collaboration with International Experts

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IUCN

For over 70 years, IUCN has provided organisations with knowledge and resources needed to address environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Partner with us and become part of our legacy as we develop a sustainable economy, and future, for AlUla.

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Panthera

Utilising the expertise of the world’s premier cat biologists, Panthera develops and implements global strategies for the most imperilled large cats.

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Catmosphere

With its CatWalk Campaign, a 7-km walk in support of the seven big cats, Catmosphere is dedicated to raising awareness for big cat conservation globally.

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Smithsonian

Through a strategic partnership, the Smithsonian Institution’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute supports Arabian leopard conservation by advancing scientific research, enhancing genetic diversity, and raising global awareness of this critically endangered species.